Second Life Figures Get a Life

Monday, October 9th, 2006

I had assumed that someone was already doing this. From Second Life Figures Get a Life:

Buckbee is the first to get his service off the ground. The virtual designer creates a three-dimensional model of a client’s avatar using screenshots taken in the world of Second Life. He uses an open-source design tool known as the OpenGLExtractor by Eyebeam OpenLab. After tweaking the model to make sure that there are no overly fragile parts — hair has been a big worry — Buckbee sends the design to the client for final approval. The digital file is then turned into reality using a 3-D printer made by Z Corp.

The final price? Typically less than $100, which has convinced some denizens of Second Life to give the process a go.

Observations on Arabs

Sunday, October 8th, 2006

Stephen Browne graduated with an anthropology degree, lived in eastern Europe for a while, and did a year in “the Kingdom” — Saudi Arabia. He “went there with a certain sympathy for Arab grievances,” and came back with some Observations on Arabs:

  1. They don’t think the same way we do.
  2. When you meet them in just the right circumstances, they are a very likable people.
  3. Their values are fundamentally different from ours, their self-esteem is derived from a different source.
  4. Not only can they not build the infrastructure of a modern society, they can’t maintain it either.
  5. They do not think of obligations as running both ways.
  6. In warfare, we think they are sneaky cowards, they think we are hypocrites.
  7. In rhetoric, they don’t mean to be taken seriously and they don’t understand when we do.
  8. They don’t place the same value on an abstract conception of Truth as we do, they routinely believe things of breathtaking absurdity.
  9. They do not have the same notion of cause and effect as we do.
  10. We take for granted that we are a dominant civilization still on the way up. They are acutely aware that they are a civilization on the skids.
  11. We think that everybody has a right to their own point of view, they think that that idea is not only self-evidently absurd, but evil.
  12. Our civilization is destroying theirs. We cannot share a world in peace. They understand this; we have yet to learn it.

Read the whole article.

Who do they hire?

Sunday, October 8th, 2006

From Creating Passionate Users:

Judo Newaza

Saturday, October 7th, 2006

I highly recommend this video of judo newaza (matwork) — all very dynamic. Just turn down the volume before you start it up — unless you really want the hip-hop soundtrack playing.

Sleeping with Cannibals

Saturday, October 7th, 2006

In Sleeping with Cannibals, Paul Raffaele describes his trek into the jungles of Papua New Guinea, to visit the Korowai, a tribe known for killing and eating khakhua, the (male) witches who cause disease:

After we eat a dinner of river fish and rice, Boas joins me in a hut and sits cross-legged on the thatched floor, his dark eyes reflecting the gleam from my flashlight, our only source of light. Using Kembaren as translator, he explains why the Korowai kill and eat their fellow tribesmen. It’s because of the khakhua, which comes disguised as a relative or friend of a person he wants to kill. “The khakhua eats the victim’s insides while he sleeps,” Boas explains, “replacing them with fireplace ash so the victim does not know he’s being eaten. The khakhua finally kills the person by shooting a magical arrow into his heart.” When a clan member dies, his or her male relatives and friends seize and kill the khakhua. “Usually, the [dying] victim whispers to his relatives the name of the man he knows is the khakhua,” Boas says. “He may be from the same or another treehouse.”

I ask Boas whether the Korowai eat people for any other reason or eat the bodies of enemies they’ve killed in battle. “Of course not,” he replies, giving me a funny look. “We don’t eat humans, we only eat khakhua.”

An example:

On our third day of trekking, after hiking from soon after sunrise to dusk, we reach Yafufla, another line of stilt huts set up by Dutch missionaries. That night, Kembaren takes me to an open hut overlooking the river, and we sit by a small campfire. Two men approach through the gloom, one in shorts, the other naked save for a necklace of prized pigs’ teeth and a leaf wrapped about the tip of his penis. “That’s Kilikili,” Kembaren whispers, “the most notorious khakhua killer.” Kilikili carries a bow and barbed arrows. His eyes are empty of expression, his lips are drawn in a grimace and he walks as soundlessly as a shadow.

The other man, who turns out to be Kilikili’s brother Bailom, pulls a human skull from a bag. A jagged hole mars the forehead. “It’s Bunop, the most recent khakhua he killed,” Kembaren says of the skull. “Bailom used a stone ax to split the skull open to get at the brains.” The guide’s eyes dim. “He was one of my best porters, a cheerful young man,” he says.

Bailom passes the skull to me. I don’t want to touch it, but neither do I want to offend him. My blood chills at the feel of naked bone. I have read stories and watched documentaries about the Korowai, but as far as I know none of the reporters and filmmakers had ever gone as far upriver as we’re about to go, and none I know of had ever seen a khakhua’s skull.

The fire’s reflection flickers on the brothers’ faces as Bailom tells me how he killed the khakhua, who lived in Yafufla, two years ago. “Just before my cousin died he told me that Bunop was a khakhua and was eating him from the inside,” he says, with Kembaren translating. “So we caught him, tied him up and took him to a stream, where we shot arrows into him.”

Bailom says that Bunop screamed for mercy all the way, protesting that he was not a khakhua. But Bailom was unswayed. “My cousin was close to death when he told me and would not lie,” Bailom says.

At the stream, Bailom says, he used a stone ax to chop off the khakhua’s head. As he held it in the air and turned it away from the body, the others chanted and dismembered Bunop’s body. Bailom, making chopping movements with his hand, explains: “We cut out his intestines and broke open the rib cage, chopped off the right arm attached to the right rib cage, the left arm and left rib cage, and then both legs.”

The body parts, he says, were individually wrapped in banana leaves and distributed among the clan members. “But I kept the head because it belongs to the family that killed the khakhua,” he says. “We cook the flesh like we cook pig, placing palm leaves over the wrapped meat together with burning hot river rocks to make steam.”

Such noble savages, uncorrupted by civilization…

Where the Races Relate

Saturday, October 7th, 2006

Steve Sailer makes a simple but fascinating point in Where the Races Relate (from the National Review, back in 1995):

Much ink has been spilled bemoaning the rancorous state of race relations on our nation’s elite campuses. Our colleges, however, has barely even considered any new solutions, due to the academic industry’s institutional tendencies toward timid conformity combined with myopic self-absorption. Rather than look beyond the cloisters for novel answers, administrators at our great research universities merely resort to ever greater doses of the hair of the dog that bit them — more affirmative action, more diversity workshops, more victims’ studies — with predictably dire results. Yet, during the same quarter century when colleges have managed to exacerbate racial tension among 18-24 year old students, the U.S. Army — using radically different techniques — has tremendously reduced racial strife among 18-24 year old soldiers.

Astonishingly, though, colleges have overlooked an even more obvious source of guidance on how to manage race on campus. University presidents methodically ignore the techniques for forging solidarity among their black and white students that are successfully used by their own best paid, best known employees: their football and basketball coaches.

What could colleges learn from the Army and from their own athletes about race?

War Is Hell

Saturday, October 7th, 2006

James Cramer recommends five books that illustrate how War Is Hell:

  1. The Irish Guards In the Great War by Rudyard Kipling (Doubleday, 1923).
  2. Lost Victories by Erich von Manstein (Regnery, 1958).
  3. Some Desperate Glory by Edwin Campion Vaughan (Henry Holt, 1981).
  4. Storm of Steel by Ernst Jünger (1920).
  5. But Not for the Fuehrer by Helmut Jung, with Mike Nesbitt (AuthorHouse, 2004).

Making Water From Thin Air

Saturday, October 7th, 2006

Making Water From Thin Air is now feasible, and it can save the military a lot of money and logistical hassle:

Once deployed, the machines could reduce the cost of logistical support for supplying water to the troops in Iraq by billions of dollars, said Stuart Roy, spokesman of the DCI Group, Aqua Sciences’ public affairs firm.

The cost to transport water by C-17 cargo planes, then truck it to the troops, runs $30 a gallon. The cost, including the machines from Aqua Sciences, will be reduced to 30 cents a gallon, Roy said.

Several systems on the market can create water through condensation, but the process requires a high level of humidity.

Aqua Sciences’ machines only require 14 percent humidity, Roy said. “That’s why this technology is superior and why they are getting the contracts.”

Your Ancestors Disgust Me

Saturday, October 7th, 2006

Scott Adams (Dilbert) says, Your Ancestors Disgust Me:

It has come to my attention that many of your ancestors were pedophiles. They probably didn’t know it, since marrying 15-year old girls was considered “normal” by those perverts. And I’m sure they had excuses such as the fact that the life expectancy was 17. So maybe they rationalized it by saying they had to start pinching out new farm hands before the plague got them. Blah, blah, blah. But that’s no excuse for being a pedophile.

I also have it on good authority that your ancestors from several thousand years ago rarely washed their hands with soap after pooping in the desert, or forest, or igloo, whatever. You come from a long line of unhygienic child molesters.

If you follow your repulsive blood line far enough back, you will find that your ancestors were atheists at best, but more likely worshippers of phalluses.

That’s right: You are the genetic fruit of unhygienic, penis-worshipping, child molesters.

And they couldn’t read – those illiterate, unhygienic, penis-worshipping, child molesters.

Keep going back in time and there’s a virtual guarantee that somewhere a cousin married a cousin, or a brother married a sister. Statistically speaking, you’re probably an inbred spawn of illiterate, unhygienic, penis-worshipping child molesters.

College Rankings Reformed

Saturday, October 7th, 2006

College Rankings Reformed notes that schools aren’t ranked by the quality of education they provide:

But the U.S. News ranking system is deeply flawed. Instead of focusing on the fundamental issues of how well colleges and universities educate their students and how well they prepare them to be successful after college, the magazine’s rankings are almost entirely a function of three factors: fame, wealth, and exclusivity. They directly or indirectly account for 95 percent of a school’s ranking, as Table 1 on page 3 reveals.

Free Education Valued at Cost

Saturday, October 7th, 2006

Bryan Caplan notes that a Free Education [is often] Valued at Cost:

Mankiw notes that Yale is offering some free education over the web, and wonders whether this is “the beginning of a big change in the industrial organization of higher education?”

I say: No Way. Lots of people want an Ivy League diploma without the work of an Ivy League education. But almost no one wants an Ivy League education without the benefit of an Ivy League diploma.

Indeed, as I’ve often told my students, an Ivy League education is already free. If you want to learn, start attending classes. No one’s going to “card” you. Unfortunately, after four years, no one will vouch for you, either.

Exposing the organic myth

Saturday, October 7th, 2006

Exposing the organic myth notes how the tiny organic-food industry has grown and changed:

So it may come as a surprise that Stonyfield’s organic farm is long gone. Its main facility is a state-of-the-art industrial plant just off the airport strip in Londonderry, N.H., where it handles milk from other farms. And consider this: Sometime soon a portion of the milk used to make that organic yogurt may be taken from a chemical-free cow in New Zealand, powdered, and then shipped to the U.S. True, Stonyfield still cleaves to its organic heritage. For Chairman and CEO Gary Hirshberg, though, shipping milk powder 9,000 miles across the planet is the price you pay to conquer the supermarket dairy aisle. “It would be great to get all of our food within a 10-mile radius of our house,” he says. “But once you’re in organic, you have to source globally.”

There’s a reason farming went “inorganic” in the first place:

Since the widespread use of synthetic pesticides began, around the time of World War II, food producers have reaped remarkable gains. Apples stay red and juicy for weeks. The average harvested acre of farmland yields 200% more wheat than it did 70 years ago. Over the past two decades chickens have grown 25% bigger in less time and on less food. At the same time, the average cow produces 60% more milk, thanks to innovations in breeding, nutrition, and synthetic hormones.

It’s also worth remembering how inexpensive food is these days. Americans shell out about 10% of their disposable income on food, about half what they spent in the first part of the 20th century. Producing a budget-priced cornucopia of organic food won’t be easy.

A Student’s Guide to Startups

Friday, October 6th, 2006

In A Student’s Guide to Startups, Paul Graham points out another big distinction between real life and school:

We noticed a lot of similarities between the startups that seemed to be falling behind, but we couldn’t figure out how to put it into words. Then finally we realized what it was: they were building class projects.
[...]
Often the only value of most of the stuff you build in the first six months is that it proves your initial idea was mistaken. And that’s extremely valuable. If you’re free of a misconception that everyone else still shares, you’re in a powerful position. But you’re not thinking that way about a class project. Proving your initial plan was mistaken would just get you a bad grade. Instead of building stuff to throw away, you tend to want every line of code to go toward that final goal of showing you did a lot of work.

That leads to our second difference: the way class projects are measured. Professors will tend to judge you by the distance between the starting point and where you are now. If someone has achieved a lot, they should get a good grade. But customers will judge you from the other direction: the distance remaining between where you are now and the features they need. The market doesn’t give a shit how hard you worked. Users just want your software to do what they need, and you get a zero otherwise. That is one of the most distinctive differences between school and the real world: there is no reward for putting in a good effort. In fact, the whole concept of a “good effort” is a fake idea adults invented to encourage kids. It is not found in nature.

Old but Not Frail

Thursday, October 5th, 2006

Old but Not Frail looks at those who age well — and those who do not:

The researchers published their data in the May 3 issue of The Journal of the American Medical Association, finding that being unable to walk a quarter mile within five minutes portended troubles. For each minute beyond five, the risk of dying in the next four years increased by a third, the risk of having a heart attack increased by 20 percent, and the risk of having a disability increased by half.

Those who took more than six minutes for the quarter-mile walk had the same risk of dying or having a heart attack as those who could not walk the distance at all, and the effect was independent of age.

Fear of the Horizon

Thursday, October 5th, 2006

Most people, when they think of slavery, think of the race slavery of the American South. A small fraction think of ancient slavery, as in Rome. In Fear of the Horizon, John Derbyshire discusses another kind of slavery, religious slavery:

There was in fact, says Prof. Davis, something of religious revenge in the depredations of the Muslim slavers. The slave trade really got going after 1492, the year the last Muslims were expelled from Spain — what Osama bin Laden calls “the tragedy of Andalusia.” Says the author: “In Barbary, those who hunted and traded slaves certainly hoped to make a profit, but in their traffic in Christians there was also always an element of revenge, almost of jihad — for the wrongs of 1492, for the centuries of crusading violence that had preceded them, and for the ongoing religious struggle between Christian and Muslim that has continued to roil the Mediterranean world well into modern times.”

One of the most impressive parts of Prof. Davis’s book is his computation of the numbers of Europeans enslaved by these Muslim raiders. Combing through the historical sources, he concludes that there were about 35,000 enslaved Christians on the Barbary Coast at any one time. He then sets about estimating attrition rates. Slave numbers declined through four causes: death, escape, redemption (i.e. by ransom), and conversion to Islam. Davis gets annual rates from these causes of 17 percent, 1 percent, 2-3 percent, and 4 percent, respectively. This implies a total number of slaves, from the early 1500s to the late 1700s, of one to one and a quarter million. This is an astonishing number, implying that well into the 17th century, the Mediterranean slave trade was out-producing the Atlantic one. Numbers fell off thereafter, while the transatlantic trade increased; but in its time, the enslavement of European Christians by Muslim North Africans was the main kind of enslavement going on in the world.

Christians were captured by two methods. First, there was the seizing of ships by straightforward piracy. The ship itself became a prize along with its crew and passengers. Second, there were raids on the coasts of European countries. Spain, France, and Italy were worst affected, but the pirates sometimes ventured further afield. In 1627 they kidnapped 400 men and women from Iceland.

The victims in either case would be taken back to one of the Barbary ports — the main ones were Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli — and sold in a slave market, by auction. They ended up either as the domestic slaves of private persons, or as slaves owned by the state, to be put to work rowing galleys, or constructing public works. The first of these two fates was usually preferable, as there was some chance of humanity from a private owner. Prof. Davis’s account of the lives of galley slaves is hard to read, and state slaves employed on public works were not much better off. There was no large-scale private-enterprise slavery as in the plantations of the Old South. The North African states had little commercial culture.

The effect on the European coastal populations was dramatic. Entire areas were depopulated. The author even sketches out an argument that the culture of baroque Italy was determined in part by a turning inward from the terrors of coastal life — from the “fear of the horizon” that afflicted all the regions subject to slave raiding. He tells us (he is professor of Italian Social History at Ohio State University, by the way) that to this day there is an idiom in Sicilian dialect to express the general idea of being caught by surprise: pigliato dai turchi — “taken by the Turks.” The distress of those left behind, deprived of a husband of father, is painful to read about.

Wealthy Europeans were often ransomed back to their families:

A side benefit of their work, for the slavers, was the opportunity to extract a ransom from the family of a well-born captive. Many European families beggared themselves to pay ransom for a family member taken by the slavers. The novelist Cervantes, author of Don Quixote, unfortunately had a letter from the Duke of Alba on him when he was captured at sea by slavers in 1575. This caused his captors to think his family must be very rich, and they demanded a hefty ransom that Cervantes’s family could not pay. The novelist was ransomed at last, after five years’ captivity, by the Trinitarians, one of the religious orders that made the ransoming of Christian slaves a part of their mission.

You can imagine what kind of incentive those well-meaning Trinitarians provided:

There was in fact an entire Mediterranean sub-economy based around the ransoming of slaves, which Europeans felt to be their Christian duty, and a proper object of charity, and which orders like the Trinitarians and Mercedarians made their main business. This sometimes had unintended consequences. Willingness to pay ransom on the part of nations, for example, encouraged the slavers to ask higher ransom prices for citizens of those nations: “By 1700 there is the clear beginning of an inflation spiral that would lead to ransoms more than doubling by the 1760s. Moreover, nations that let it be known that they were disposed to buy back their enslaved citizens more or less promptly ran the further risk of making prime targets out of their own ships and citizens — as the United States would find to its immense cost in the 1790s.” No wonder economics is called “the dismal science.”