Islamocapitalism

Tuesday, June 20th, 2006

In Islamocapitalism, Turkish Muslim writer Mustafa Akyol asserts that Islam and capitalism are compatible:

The conceptual openness of Islam towards business was one of the important reasons for the splendor of medieval Muslim civilization. The Islamic world was at the heart of global trade routes and Muslim traders took advantage of this quite successfully. They even laid the foundations of some aspects of modern banking: Instead of carrying heavy and easily-stolen gold, medieval Muslim traders used paper checks. This innovation in credit transfer would be emulated and transferred to Europe by the Crusaders, particularly the Knights Templar.

So central was trade to Muslim civilization that its very decline may be attributed to changes in the pattern of global trade. When Vasco de Gama rounded the Cape of Good Hope in November 1497 — thanks in part to the astrolabe, invented by Muslims — he opened a new chapter in world history, one in which global trade would shift from the Middle East and the Mediterranean to the oceans. Consequently the Arabic Middle East, which had been scorched by the Mongols two centuries before and could have never recovered anyway, entered deadly stagnation. The Ottoman Empire would excel for a few more centuries, but decline was inevitable. The loss of trade also meant the end of cosmopolitanism; this was followed by the rise of religious bigotry. While the early commentators of the Koran cherished trade and wealth as God’s bounties, late Medieval Islamic literature began to emphasize extreme asceticism.

Norway begins building ‘doomsday vault’

Tuesday, June 20th, 2006

The screenplay practically writes itself. Norway begins building ‘doomsday vault’:

Norway will begin construction today of a “doomsday vault”, a vast top-security seed bank in a mountain near the North Pole to ensure food supplies in the event of environmental catastrophe or nuclear war.

Built with Fort Knox-type security, the $US3 million ($A4.1 million) depository will preserve around two million seeds representing all known varieties of the world’s crops at sub-zero temperatures.

“This facility will provide a practical means to re-establish crops obliterated by major disasters,” Cary Fowler, executive secretary of the Global Crop Diversity Trust, said in a statement.
[...]
The vault will be built deep in permafrost in the side of a sandstone mountain on the Norwegian island of Spitsbergen, 1,000km from the North Pole.
[...]
A metre of reinforced concrete will fortify the chamber walls. Arctic permafrost will act as a natural coolant to protect the samples which will be stored in watertight foil packages should a power failure disable refrigeration systems.

The thick walls, airlocks and doors mean that even if global warming accelerates badly, it would take many decades for hotter air to reach the seeds.

So the seeds can survive for hundreds, and in some cases thousands, of years.

Despite the top-level security arrangements the seed bank will not be under constant guard, except for the numerous polar bears which roam the area.

Extroverted like me

Tuesday, June 20th, 2006

For its 10th anniversary, Slate is republishing some old favorites, like Seth Stevenson’s Extroverted like me, the story of his experiment with Paxil to overcome his shyness:

Day 35: Drinking a lot, several nights a week. Liquor + Paxil = Wow!

Pre-Paxil, I was a social drinker. Now I’m walking a mile in someone else’s brain chemistry. I can see why some of you like to drink so much, maybe even need to drink so much. It’s fun for me now, in a way it just wasn’t before. On liquor and Paxil, strangers mean novelty, not fear. Group conversations are a chance to play raconteur, not a chance to smile weakly and shut up.

And it’s so much better than sobriety. Sober for me these days means extreme detachment. Movies, once a favorite hobby, do nothing for me now. Likewise books — I just don’t connect with the plots or characters. I can’t recall laughing (while sober) in the past couple of weeks. I’m never sad, but never happy. Why wouldn’t I drink?

Day 38: I spent the first semester of my freshman year of college in a haze. During the Southern California evenings, I often played tennis, pulling bong hits between games. I distilled homemade rum in my dorm room, using Sterno cans and plastic tubing. My roommate grew six ounces of weed in our closet. It was more fun than I’d ever had in my life. The day after I got home for Christmas break, I decided to transfer.

It occurs to me that the past month has been a bit like that semester. I’m living the unexamined life. It’s fantastic. I’m about ready to transfer.

Restaurant staff treated for burns

Tuesday, June 20th, 2006

From Restaurant staff treated for burns:

Mr Mingotti, 63, said: “It started at the end of May. At 3am the two chefs were in hospital with burns.”

The following night the same thing happened. Head chef Sarah Dickinson, 29, from Dalston, said: “When we were finishing work our skin was red and inflamed. I would go to bed and about two hours later it would start.

“It was a pain in the back of my eyes. It was awful.”

Eye specialists were baffled. They asked if she had been welding or on a sunbed and investigated whether it could be an extreme allergic reaction.

“They took a closer look at my eyes and saw they were blistered. I was screaming.”

Mr Mingotti added: “The hospital asked us to bring in all the chemicals we were using. They were sent for analysis in Belgium. Then the dishwasher stuff was sent away. Everything came back clear.”

They also checked for carbon dioxide and a gas leak.

Then health and safety officers asked to see the blue fly-repellant light bulbs.

Mr Mingotti said: “He took the lot away. What we had wasn’t fly killer lights, they were sunbed lights. Twenty-four hours a day we had sunbed light in the kitchen. Every time we were going in front of it we were frying.”

Constitution of the Confederate States of America — What was changed?

Tuesday, June 20th, 2006

From Constitution of the Confederate States of America — What was changed?

Overall, the CSA constitution does not radically alter the federal system that was set up under the United States constitution. It is thus very debatable as to whether the CSA is significantly more pro “states’ rights” (as supporters claim) in any meaningful sense. At least three states rights are explicitly taken away — the freedom of states to grant voting rights to non-citizens, the freedom of states to outlaw slavery within their borders, and the freedom of states to trade freely with each other.

States only gain four minor rights under the Confederate system — the power to enter into treaties with other states to regulate waterways, the power to tax foreign and domestic ships that use their waterways, the power to impeach federally-appointed state officials, and the power to distribute “bills of credit.” When people champion the cause of reclaiming state power from the feds, are matters like these at the tops of their lists of priorities?

As previously noted, the CSA constitution does not modify many of the most controversial (from a states’ rights perspective) clauses of the American constitution, including the “Supremacy” clause (6/1/3), the “Commerce” clause (1/8/3) and the “Necessary and Proper” clause (1/8/18). Nor does the CSA take away the federal government’s right to suspend habeus corpus or “suppress insurrections.”

As far as slave-owning rights go, however, the document is much more effective. Indeed, CSA constitution seems to barely stop short of making owning slaves mandatory. Four different clauses entrench the legality of slavery in a number of different ways, and together they virtually guarantee that any sort of future anti-slave law or policy will be unconstitutional. People can claim the Civil War was “not about slavery” until the cows come home, but the fact remains that anyone who fought for the Confederacy was fighting for a country in which a universal right to own slaves was one of the most entrenched laws of the land.

In the end, however, many of the most interesting changes introduced in the CSA constitution have nothing to do with federalism or slavery at all. The President’s term limit and line-item veto, along with the various fiscal restraints, and the ability of cabinet members to answer questions on the floor of Congress are all innovative, neutral ideals whose merits may still be worth pondering today.

Tailing a monkey man in search of healing powers

Tuesday, June 20th, 2006

This is better than the Madonna’s image on a tortilla. Tailing a monkey man in search of healing powers:

Thousands of people are flocking to an impoverished Indian village in eastern West Bengal state to worship a man they believe possesses divine powers because he climbs up trees in seconds, gobbles up bananas and has a “tail.”

Devotees say 27-year-old villager Chandre Oraon is an incarnation of the Hindu monkey god Hanuman — worshipped by millions as a symbol of physical strength, perseverance and devotion.

“He climbs up trees, behaves like a monkey and is a strict vegetarian, but he is no god and his condition is just a congenital defect,” says Bhushan Chakraborty, the local medical officer.

Tucked away in a hamlet in Banarhat, over 400 miles north of Kolkata, the state capital, devotees wait for hours to see or touch Oraon’s 13-inch tail, believing that it has healing powers.

Doctors said the “tail” — made up of some flesh but mostly of dark hair — was simply a rare physical attribute.

“It is a congenital anomaly, but very rarely do we find such cases,” B. Ramana, a Kolkata-based surgeon, told Reuters.

Top 10 Hybrid Animals

Monday, June 19th, 2006

The Top 10 Hybrid Animals is a fairly odd list:

10. Liger/Tigon
9. Wolf Dog
8. Iron Age Pig
7. Zebroid
6. Cama
5. Grolar, Pizzly
4. Leopon
3. Hybrid Pheasant
2. Wolphin
1. Ti-Liger, Ti-Tigon, Li-Tigon, Li-Liger

Venture Bros. Season 2 Promo

Sunday, June 18th, 2006

The Venture Bros. Season 2 Promo heralds the new season, starting June 25. Go Team Venture!

Avoid breast cancer. Sleep in the dark…

Sunday, June 18th, 2006

Avoid breast cancer. Sleep in the dark…:

Repeated studies have shown that night-shift workers — such as nurses or air stewardesses — are up to 60 per cent more likely to get the disease. Another found that women who stayed up late two or three times a week were similarly susceptible. Conversely totally blind women are half as likely to succumb to it.

A recent study implies that a good night’s sleep fights cancer:

In the new study, scientists grafted human breast cancer tumours on to rats and infused them with blood taken from women during the day, in the early hours of the morning, and after being exposed to light at night. The blood taken in darkness slowed the growth of the cancers by 80 per cent, but the blood taken after exposure to light accelerated it.

Colbert Report CNN 666 segment

Saturday, June 17th, 2006

Somehow I missed this Colbert Report CNN 666 segment — I must have been getting a glass of water or something — but it’s a real nod to Colbert’s geekier fans. Enjoy.

Re: What You Can’t Say

Saturday, June 17th, 2006

Paul Graham answers some reader letters about his What You Can’t Say in Re: What You Can’t Say:

I disagree with your generalization that physicists are smarter than professors of French Literature.

Actually, for illustrative purposes I did include a few things you can’t say, but I stuck to domain-specific ones. Within university faculties, this is the great unmentionable. And look at how much trouble I got in for bringing it up.

Try this thought experiment. A dictator takes over the US and sends all the professors to re-education camps. The physicists are told they have to learn how to write academic articles about French literature, and the French literature professors are told they have to learn how to write original physics papers. If they fail, they’ll be shot. Which group is more worried?

We have some evidence here: the famous parody that physicist Alan Sokal got published in Social Text. How long did it take him to master the art of writing deep-sounding nonsense well enough to fool the editors? A couple weeks?

What do you suppose would be the odds of a literary theorist getting a parody of a physics paper published in a physics journal?

How can you dismiss socialism so casually

I’ve thought a lot about this, actually; it was not a casual remark. I think the fundamental question is not whether the government pays for schools or medicine, but whether you allow people to get rich.

In England in the 1970s, the top income tax rate was 98%. That’s what the Beatles’ song “Tax Man” is referring to when they say “one for you, nineteen for me.”

Any country that makes this choice ends up losing net, because new technology tends to be developed by people trying to make their fortunes. It’s too much work for anyone to do for ordinary wages. Smart people might work on sexy projects like fighter planes and space rockets for ordinary wages, but semiconductors or light bulbs or the plumbing of e-commerce probably have to be developed by entrepreneurs. Life in the Soviet Union would have been even poorer if they hadn’t had American technologies to copy.

Finland is sometimes given as an example of a prosperous socialist country, but apparently the combined top tax rate is 55%, only 5% higher than in California. So if they seem that much more socialist than the US, it is probably simply because they don’t spend so much on their military.

Rat study shows dirty better than clean

Saturday, June 17th, 2006

More evidence for the hygiene hypothesis, from Rat study shows dirty better than clean:

[T]he wild mice and rats had as much as four times higher levels of immunoglobulins, yet weren’t sick, showing an immune system tuned to fight crucial germs, but not minor irritants, Parker said. He said what happened in the lab rats is what likely occurs in humans: their immune systems have got it so cushy they overreact to smallest of problems.

“Your immune system is like the person who lives in the perfect house and has all the food they want, you’re going to start worrying about the little things like someone stepping on your flowers,” Parker said.

Challenged immune systems — such as kids who grow up with two or more pets — don’t tend to develop as many allergies, said Dr. Stanley Goldstein, director of Allergy & Asthma Care of Long Island.

Let Starbucks Find You a Place to Live

Friday, June 16th, 2006

Let Starbucks Find You a Place to Live:

It seems that every week some organization or another comes out with a list of American’s best cities. These lists go by different names (Most Livable Cities, Best Places, whatever), but some how they all end up with similar content. They have Seattle, San Francisco, Boston, Portland, and the like near the top of the list, and Detroit and New Orleans near the bottom (here’s a good recent example, the Sustainable Cities list).

These lists are good and useful, but it turns out that if you just list cities by the number of Starbucks locations per capita, you get a pretty similar result.

The list of the largest US cities from most to fewest Starbucks per person:

  1. Las Vegas
  2. Seattle
  3. Portland
  4. Sacramento
  5. Washington

[...]

  1. Milwaukee
  2. New Orleans
  3. Philadelphia
  4. Detroit

Warner Reviving Conan

Friday, June 16th, 2006

My hopes are high, but my expectations are low. Warner Reviving Conan:

Warner Brothers has set Boaz Yakin to write and potentially direct Conan the Barbarian, a new take on the Robert E. Howard-created character, Variety reported.

Warner is eyeing an early 2007 production start for the film, which will be produced by Irving Azoff, Jon Jashni, Richard Alexander and Akiva Goldsman. Peter Sederowsky and Fredrik Malmberg of Paradox Entertainment, the intellectual property company that controls rights to the Howard estate, will executive-produce.

Yakin, best known for writing and directing Fresh and for directing the football hit Remember the Titans, has been a fan of the Howard series since childhood and came up with a take that impressed the studio.

Yakin’s concept is more faithful to the Howard story than were the two Dino De Laurentiis-produced Conan films that starred Arnold Schwarzenegger as the sword-wielding conqueror.

Warner has tried to revive Conan and got close twice. The Matrix directors Larry and Andy Wachowski showed interest, and then Robert Rodriguez emerged, but hiring the latter became problematic after he quit the Directors Guild of America so he could co-helm Sin City with Frank Miller.

The press releases always promise a faithful adaptation.

Was Earning That Harvard M.B.A. Worth It?

Thursday, June 15th, 2006

From Was Earning That Harvard M.B.A. Worth It?

In 2003, Professor Mintzberg tracked the performance of 19 students who graduated from the Harvard Business School in 1990 and were at the top of their class academically. Ten of the 19 were “utter failures,” he said. “Another four were very questionable, at least,” he added. “So five out of 19 did well.”