The last testament of Flashman’s creator: How Britain has destroyed itself

Wednesday, January 16th, 2008

George MacDonald Fraser made his career by resurrecting Flashman, the bully in Thomas Hughes’s Victorian novel Tom Brown’s Schooldays, and turning him into the buffoonish hero of a number of adventure stories.

Before his recent death he wrote The last testament of Flashman’s creator: How Britain has destroyed itself:

No generation has seen their country so altered, so turned upside down, as children like me born in the 20 years between the two world wars. In our adult lives Britain’s entire national spirit, its philosophy, values and standards, have changed beyond belief.

Probably no country on earth has experienced such a revolution in thought and outlook and behaviour in so short a space.

Other lands have known what seem to be greater upheavals, the result of wars and revolutions, but these do not compare with the experience of a country which passed in less than a lifetime from being the mightiest empire in history, governing a quarter of mankind, to being a feeble little offshore island whose so-called leaders have lost the will and the courage, indeed the ability, to govern at all.

This is not a lament for past imperial glory, though I regret its inevitable passing, nor is it the raging of a die-hard Conservative.

I loathe all political parties, which I regard as inventions of the devil. My favourite prime minister was Sir Alec Douglas-Home, not because he was on the Right, but because he spent a year in office without, on his own admission, doing a damned thing.

This would not commend him to New Labour, who count all time lost when they’re not wrecking the country.

I am deeply concerned for the United Kingdom and its future. I look at the old country as it was in my youth and as it is today and, to use a fine Scots word, I am scunnered.

I know that some things are wonderfully better than they used to be: the new miracles of surgery, public attitudes to the disabled, the health and well-being of children, intelligent concern for the environment, the massive strides in science and technology.

Yes, there are material blessings and benefits innumerable which were unknown in our youth.

But much has deteriorated. The United Kingdom has begun to look more like a Third World country, shabby, littered, ugly, run down, without purpose or direction, misruled by a typical Third World government, corrupt, incompetent and undemocratic.

My generation has seen the decay of ordinary morality, standards of decency, sportsmanship, politeness, respect for the law, family values, politics and education and religion, the very character of the British.

Oh how Blimpish this must sound to modern ears, how out of date, how blind to “the need for change and the novelty of a new age”. But don’t worry about me. It’s the present generation with their permissive society, their anything-goes philosophy, and their generally laid-back, inyerface attitude I feel sorry for.

They regard themselves as a completely liberated society when in fact they are less free than any generation since the Middle Ages.

Indeed, there may never have been such an enslaved generation, in thrall to hang-ups, taboos, restrictions and oppressions unknown to their ancestors (to say nothing of being neck-deep in debt, thanks to a moneylender’s economy).

We were freer by far 50 years ago – yes, even with conscription, censorship, direction of labour, rationing, and shortages of everything that nowadays is regarded as essential to enjoyment.

We still had liberty beyond modern understanding because we had other freedoms, the really important ones, that are denied to the youth of today.

We could say what we liked; they can’t. We were not subject to the aggressive pressure of specialinterest minority groups; they are. We had no worries about race or sexual orientation; they have. We could, and did, differ from fashionable opinion with impunity, and would have laughed PC to scorn, had our society been weak and stupid enough to let it exist.

We had available to us an education system, public and private, that was the envy of the world. We had little reason to fear being mugged or raped (killed in war, maybe, but that was an acceptable hazard).

Our children could play in street and country in safety. We had few problems with bullies because society knew how to deal with bullying and was not afraid to punish it in ways that would send today’s progressives into hysterics.

We did not know the stifling tyranny of a liberal establishment, determined to impose its views, and beginning to resemble George Orwell’s Ministry of Truth.

Above all, we knew who we were and we lived in the knowledge that certain values and standards held true, and that our country, with all its faults and need for reforms, was sound at heart.

Not any more.

The Unlikeliness of a Positive Sum Society

Wednesday, January 16th, 2008

David Brin has written an interesting piece on The Unlikeliness of a Positive Sum Society:

Today’s “modern large-scale capitalist representative democracy cum welfare state cum corporate oligopoly” works largely because the systems envisioned by John Locke and Adam Smith have burgeoned fantastically, producing synergies in highly nonlinear ways that another prominent social philosopher — Karl Marx — never imagined. Ways that neither Marx nor the ruling castes of prior cultures even could imagine.

Through processes of competitive creativity and reciprocal accountability, the game long ago stopped being zero-sum (I can only win if you lose) and became prodigiously positive-sum. (We all win, though I’d still like to win a little more than you.) (See Robert Wright’s excellent book “Non-Zero“.)

Yes, if you read over the previous paragraph, I sound a lot like some of the boosters of FIBM or Faith In Blind Markets… among whom you’ll find the very same neocons and conspiratorial kleptocrats who I accuse of ruining markets! Is that a contradiction?

Not at all. Just as soviet commissars recited egalitarian nostrums, while relentlessly quashing freedom in the USSR, many of our own right-wing lords mouth “pro-enterprise” lip service, while doing everything they can to cheat and foil competitive markets. To kill the golden goose that gave them everything.

The problem is that our recent, synergistic system has always had to push uphill against a perilous slope of human nature. The Enlightenment is just a couple of centuries old. Feudalism/tribalism had uncountable millennia longer to work a selfish, predatory logic into our genes, our brains. We are all descended from insatiable men, who found countless excuses for cheating, expropriating the labor of others, or preserving their power against challenges from below. Not even the wisest of us can guarantee we’d be immune from temptation to abuse power, if we had it.

Read the whole thing.

A Smarter Electrical Grid

Wednesday, January 16th, 2008

Economists have been recommending A Smarter Electrical Grid — one that reacts to changes in supply and demand — for years, and now utilities are considering giving it a try:

But does it really work? Will ordinary homeowners cede control over water heaters and dryers to some Big Brother-like network? In 2005, researchers such as Pratt decided it was time to do an actual experiment to find out. “We said that we need to stop talking and start showing,” he says. “We needed a concrete example.”

So with $2 million in funding from the U.S. Energy Dept., an additional $500,000 from Bonneville Power and Portland General Electric, and technology from IBM and Whirlpool, Pratt devised a test. At a cost of about $1,000 per home, his team outfitted 112 homes on Washington State’s Olympic Peninsula with smart electric meters, thermostats, water heaters, and dryers. The dryers, for instance, were commercially available Sears/Kenmore units modified to include a circuit board that automatically senses stress on the grid by detecting the telltale tiny decrease in the AC frequency at a regular wall outlet. When a controller sensed stress on the grid, it then automatically turned off the heating element in the dryer.
[...]
Like the other volunteers, Brous and his wife allowed the system to reduce their energy use when prices went up. As a result, the thermostat sometimes got turned down, allowing the house to get colder. Or when they went to dry clothes, the dryer occasionally suggested that they wait until prices declined. But if the house got too cold, or if they really needed to dry some clothes, they could override the system. Brous says, however, that they intervened only about 1% of the time.

He could also control the house from anywhere, telling it, for instance, to warm up just before he and his wife returned from camping trips. “If for some reason we came back early or stayed late, we could jump on the Internet and make changes,” he says.

For Brous, the technology was not only convenient and money-saving, it was consciousness-raising. He became more aware of the electricity he was using—and ways to cut use further. Instead of just putting off drying clothes until electricity prices dropped, he and his wife started using a clothesline, “saying that we can save a bit more electricity,” he says. “We found we really liked it.”

Randall Parker (FuturePundit) cites a similar story coming out of California:

Next year in California, state regulators are likely to have the emergency power to control individual thermostats, sending temperatures up or down through a radio-controlled device that will be required in new or substantially modified houses and buildings to manage electricity shortages.

The proposed rules are contained in a document circulated by the California Energy Commission, which for more than three decades has set state energy efficiency standards for home appliances, like water heaters, air conditioners and refrigerators. The changes would allow utilities to adjust customers’ preset temperatures when the price of electricity is soaring. Customers could override the utilities’ suggested temperatures. But in emergencies, the utilities could override customers’ wishes.

It doesn’t seem like they’re using a pricing mechanism though. People really don’t “get” markets.

Reversal Of Alzheimer’s Symptoms Within Minutes In Human Study

Tuesday, January 15th, 2008

Researchers have demonstrated a reversal of Alzheimer’s symptoms within minutes of administering perispinal etanercept:

An extraordinary new scientific study, which for the first time documents marked improvement in Alzheimer’s disease within minutes of administration of a therapeutic molecule, has just been published in the Journal of Neuroinflammation.

This new study highlights the importance of certain soluble proteins, called cytokines, in Alzheimer’s disease. The study focuses on one of these cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF), a critical component of the brain’s immune system. Normally, TNF finely regulates the transmission of neural impulses in the brain. The authors hypothesized that elevated levels of TNF in Alzheimer’s disease interfere with this regulation. To reduce elevated TNF, the authors gave patients an injection of an anti-TNF therapeutic called etanercept. Excess TNF-alpha has been documented in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer’s.

The new study documents a dramatic and unprecedented therapeutic effect in an Alzheimer’s patient: improvement within minutes following delivery of perispinal etanercept, which is etanercept given by injection in the spine. Etanercept (trade name Enbrel) binds and inactivates excess TNF. Etanercept is FDA approved to treat a number of immune-mediated disorders and is used off label in the study.

The Early Bird Gets the Bad Grade

Tuesday, January 15th, 2008

The Early Bird Gets the Bad Grade, Nancy Kalish notes:

Research shows that teenagers’ body clocks are set to a schedule that is different from that of younger children or adults. This prevents adolescents from dropping off until around 11 p.m., when they produce the sleep-inducing hormone melatonin, and waking up much before 8 a.m. when their bodies stop producing melatonin. The result is that the first class of the morning is often a waste, with as many as 28 percent of students falling asleep, according to a National Sleep Foundation poll. Some are so sleepy they don’t even show up, contributing to failure and dropout rates.
[...]
In 2002, high schools in Jessamine County in Kentucky pushed back the first bell to 8:40 a.m., from 7:30 a.m. Attendance immediately went up, as did scores on standardized tests, which have continued to rise each year. Districts in Virginia and Connecticut have achieved similar success. In Minneapolis and Edina, Minn., which instituted high school start times of 8:40 a.m. and 8:30 a.m. respectively in 1997, students’ grades rose slightly and lateness, behavioral problems and dropout rates decreased.

Later is also safer. When high schools in Fayette County in Kentucky delayed their start times to 8:30 a.m., the number of teenagers involved in car crashes dropped, even as they rose in the state.

Lord Minimus

Tuesday, January 15th, 2008

I was just telling a friend about Jeffrey Hudson, Lord Minimus, whose story is far too strange for fiction.

You see, Jeffrey Hudson was born in 1619, and seven years later he was presented to the Duchess of Buckingham as a fine rarity of nature — because he was perfectly proportioned but just 18 inches tall:

Only a few months after joining the household, the Duke and Duchess entertained King Charles and Queen Henrietta in London. At the climax of the celebration, during an opulent banquet, a pie was placed before the Queen. Jeffrey arose from the crust of the pie dressed in tiny suit of armour to the shock of all in attendance. The Queen was known as a collector of rarities and simply had to add Jeffrey to her collection. Jeffrey was invited into the Queen’s royal household and, in 1626, he accepted by moving into Denmark House in London.

From there he receives an education, learns to ride and shoot, and begins to serve in diplomatic affairs. When war breaks out, he finds himself as a Captain of Horse in the Royalist army — where he ends up winning a pistol duel from horseback, which gets him expelled from court.

How much stranger can his life get? Much stranger. He ends up aboard a ship captured by Barbary pirates and disappears for 25 years of hard labor. When he returns, he has grown to 45 inches — which makes him merely a short man rather than a tiny marvel. He dies a pauper.

(Incidentally, most of us don’t get those kind of results from additional exercise-induced growth hormone release. Of course, our growth plates have closed.)

Gorilla Sanctuary Is Congo War Front

Monday, January 14th, 2008

Gorilla Sanctuary Is Congo War Front:

The gorillas have the potential to draw tourist revenue to a desperately poor region and bring in vital funding through conservation groups. Over the last 12 months, though, rangers have watched helplessly as the gorillas have been massacred.

2007 was the apes’ bloodiest year on record since famed American researcher Dian Fossey first began working in Congo in the mid-1960s to save them. The toll: 10 shot and killed, two others missing. The rangers don’t know for sure who killed the gorillas, but they believe illegal charcoal traders are trying to sabotage the park for easier access to its trees.

Now armed groups have seized the habitat. With park staff unable to set foot inside the reserve for the last four months, the gorillas’ fate is unknown.

Don’t Ask Why

Sunday, January 13th, 2008

A dialog with Sarah, aged 3: In which it is shown that if your dad is a chemistry professor, asking “why” can be dangerous:

SARAH: Daddy, were you in the shower?

DAD: Yes, I was in the shower.

SARAH: Why?

DAD: I was dirty. The shower gets me clean.

SARAH: Why?

DAD: Why does the shower get me clean?

SARAH: Yes.

DAD: Because the water washes the dirt away when I use soap.

SARAH: Why?

DAD: Why do I use soap?

SARAH: Yes.

DAD: Because the soap grabs the dirt and lets the water wash it off.

SARAH: Why?

DAD: Why does the soap grab the dirt?

SARAH: Yes.

DAD: Because soap is a surfactant.

SARAH: Why?

DAD: Why is soap a surfactant?

SARAH: Yes.

DAD: That is an EXCELLENT question. Soap is a surfactant because it forms water-soluble micelles that trap the otherwise insoluble dirt and oil particles.

SARAH: Why?
[...]

A Dealer in the Ivory Tower

Sunday, January 13th, 2008

Tyler Cowen calls Sudhir Venkatesh A Dealer in the Ivory Tower:

Beginning in 1989, Sudhir Venkatesh, now a professor at Columbia University, followed around a Chicago gang leader, identified only as J.T., for about six years, ostensibly to complete his sociology Ph.D. at the University of Chicago. Though Mr. Venkatesh did draw on his experiences in his dissertation, and in several much-discussed academic papers, the final result of his sojourn is Gang Leader for a Day: A Rogue Sociologist Takes to the Streets (Penguin Press, 320 pages, $25.95). If you’ve read the best-selling Freakonomics, Mr. Venkatesh should be a familiar figure: He was the guy who hung around young drug dealers, discovered that most of them don’t earn very much money and still live with their mothers, and asked why anyone would get into the business in the first place.
[...]
Mr. Venkatesh himself does not shy away from telling us about the more lurid appeal his project had for him: “By now I had spent about six years hanging out with J.T., and at some level I was pleased that he was winning recognition for his achievements. Such thoughts were usually accompanied by an equally powerful disquietude that I took so much pleasure in the rise of a drug-dealing gangster.”

That disquietude did not always prevail. If you’re wondering where the title of the book comes from, Mr. Venkatesh himself spent one day running J.T.’s rounds and collecting payoffs; J.T. wanted to show the researcher just how hard his job was. And indeed, he succeeded. Not surprisingly, Mr. Venkatesh starts to feel that other scholars are “living in a bubble,” and at times these feelings turn to anger at his profession.

Slowly but surely Mr. Venkatesh starts to realize his legal liability. If he is abetting illegal activity, or if he knows of planned crimes, he is potentially an accessory and subject to arrest and imprisonment. “Four years deep into my research, it came to my attention that I might get in a lot of trouble,” Mr. Venkatesh writes, but even this not-so-streetwise reviewer had that worry by page 25 of the narrative. Mr. Venkatesh also realizes that his command of so much information puts him in a dangerous position. The criminals know that he can be forced to testify against them, and eventually Mr. Venkatesh has to tell them that, unlike a journalist, a researcher has no confidentiality protection from the probing hand of the law. It surprises this reader that he survived the experience without even as much as a good beating; presumably this was due to the protection of J.T., who vouched for him. It is disquieting to learn that the danger is not just from the criminals: Gang members warn him, above all else, not to write about the police. They tell him that the police don’t want to be watched or chronicled, and that, yes, they will retaliate.

Adding Up to Failure

Sunday, January 13th, 2008

Jay P. Greene and Catherine Shock think that education-degree curricula are Adding Up to Failure:

To determine just how unbalanced teacher preparation is at ed schools, we counted the number of course titles and descriptions that contained the words “multiculturalism,” “diversity,” “inclusion,” and variants thereof, and then compared those with the number that used variants of the word “math.” We then computed a “multiculturalism-to-math ratio” — a rough indicator of the relative importance of social goals to academic skills in ed schools. A ratio of greater than 1 indicates a greater emphasis on multiculturalism; a ratio of less than 1 means that math courses predominate. Our survey covered the nation’s top 50 education programs as ranked by U.S. News and World Report, as well as programs at flagship state universities that weren’t among the top 50 — a total of 71 education schools.

The average ed school, we found, has a multiculturalism-to-math ratio of 1.82, meaning that it offers 82 percent more courses featuring social goals than featuring math. At Harvard and Stanford, the ratio is about 2: almost twice as many courses are social as mathematical. At the University of Minnesota, the ratio is higher than 12. And at UCLA, a whopping 47 course titles and descriptions contain the word “multiculturalism” or “diversity,” while only three contain the word “math,” giving it a ratio of almost 16.

Some programs do show different priorities. At the University of Missouri, 43 courses bear titles or descriptions that include multiculturalism or diversity, but 74 focus on math, giving it a lean multiculturalism-to-math ratio of 0.58. Penn State’s ratio is 0.39. (By contrast, the ratio at Penn State’s Ivy League counterpart, the University of Pennsylvania, is over 3.) Still, of the 71 programs we studied, only 24 have a multiculturalism-to-math ratio of less than 1; only five pay twice as much attention to math as to social goals.

18 Stunning Bridges From Around The World

Sunday, January 13th, 2008

A New Knut?

Saturday, January 12th, 2008

After the Knut phenomenon, you had to know that more polar-bear cubs would “need” TLC:

A handout picture shows a polar bear cub born by polar bear Vera at the zoo in Nuremberg January 11, 2008. The new baby bear was separated from her mother after officials at the Nuremberg zoo became concerned she might harm the cub. Now four keepers at the zoo are taking care of the 2 kg fur ball, who needs milk every three hours.

Addendum: Rumor has it that the cub is going by Flocke, German for [snow] flake. More importantly, our Eisbaer-BabyEisbaer is pronounced ice bear, by the way — has her own web page. You don’t have to sprech Deutsch to enjoy it.

Things to Come

Saturday, January 12th, 2008

I recently watched H.G. Wells’ Things to Come, based on his book, The Shape of Things to Come, because I always enjoy a bit of paleofuturism.

A lot is made of the fact that the movie, made in 1935, predicts a second great war, starting in 1940 — off by only a few months — which seems almost silly as a prediction. Hitler and the Nazis take power, make loud threats, and it takes a prophet to predict another great war with Germany? But this makes the point that a second great war was not obviously imminent at the time; it only seems that way in retrospect.

In fact, in Prophets of Science Fiction, which I also just watched, one fellow mentions a conversation he had with Arthur C. Clarke, who saw Things to Come in the theater when it came out. Clarke said that the audience laughed at the scenes of the aerial bombardment of London, because it was so outlandish and unbelievable to them. How could this be? The Germans had already bombarded London from zeppelins in World War I! Odd.

Wells’ predicted war, which features WWI-style trench warfare and poison gas, goes on and on for decades and ends with a plague spread by aerial bombardment. This leads to a scenario surprisingly close to a zombacalypse — a new Dark Age, full of shuffling victims of “the wandering sickness” — and order is restored only when a new warlord ruthlessly exterminates all those wandering victims.

Then the utopian, progressive Wells comes out, as a league of super-scientists comes from the sky to unite the world, against the will of the petty warlords now in charge.

Eventually, in 2036, our super-scientist hero’s descendant sends the first people to the moon, via Vernesque space gun.

3D on Regular Old Displays

Saturday, January 12th, 2008

I enjoyed some of Johnny Lee‘s earlier work, using the Wiimote for a Minority Report style interface. Now he has demonstrated how to use the Wiimote to generate 3D on Regular Old Displays:

MU researcher Johnny Lee has hacked the Wiimote to perform head tracking. Translation: Amazing three-dimensionality with regular old displays, potentially available on a Wii or other system near you.

Enjoy the video:

(Hat tip to Mike, who caught it before I did.)

Glowing pig passes genes to piglets

Saturday, January 12th, 2008

Glowing pig passes genes to piglets:

The piglets’ mother was one of three pigs born with the trait in December 2006 after pig embryos were injected with fluorescent green protein. Two of the 11 piglets glow fluorescent green from their snout, trotters, and tongue under ultraviolet light, the university said.

As I mentioned back in December 2006, the end goal is not glowing pigs; it’s organ transplants from transgenic pigs.