My favourite, not listed, is “nabob”, as in a rich potentate or corporate titan, a coffee brand, and nattering nabobs of negativism. Other than the coffee, it seems to have slipped out of standard usage since the 70s. It was originally from “nawab”, a Mughal provincial governor, who typically lived in a level of considerably grandeur.

I was most struck by typhoon, which I had assumed of Chinese origin, and atoll.