There’s the image-Ghengis of popular imagination, the bogey-man of the Chinese and Muslim. Then, there’s the actual historical Ghengis, who united the Mongols, and who was more interested in trade than anything else. After he finished with his long-term enemies in China, there’s some question to what might have happened, had the asshole governor of the Khwarazim city his envoys happened to visit first not behaved as an utterly depraved jackass.

See, Ghengis can be read as having been more interested in ending the exploitation of the Mongol people at the hands of the Chinese, more than anything else. After he settled their hash, he was all for peaceful trade (granted, this is something we only have the Mongol histories to make out his intent from…), but when the first big trade expedition and diplomatic mission got robbed and abused by the Muslims at Khwarazim, that put the whole thing onto a different footing.

It’s an interesting might-have-been: What would the Mongols have done, were they to have met with success in their attempts at opening up trade with the Muslim world of Central Asia? Would the conquests have happened? Would all those lives have been taken? Would Baghdad have been sacked, and the libraries destroyed?

The governor at that first city in Khwarazim did far more damage to the world than he realized. Or, maybe he was just in the way of an unstoppable Mongol avalanche…

“Hot water, good dentishtry and shoft lavatory paper.”

— Cohen the Barbarian in conversation with Discworld nomads (Terry Pratchett, The Light Fantastic)