Mobile PC – Features – The Birth of the Notebook

Saturday, March 26th, 2005

The Birth of the Notebook is chock-full of amusing computer history:

Inspired by the IBM 5100 and Xerox’s Notetaker — a 48-pound machine with a keyboard that folded over the display — Osborne’s eponymous computer was cobbled together from the cheapest parts he could find. The Osborne 1 hit the market at $1,795, with dual floppy drives and a 5-inch CRT. Flip the keyboard over the front, latch it on, and your 24.5-pound computer was ready to go wherever you needed it. Osborne had amazing success with the product, but it was fatally crushed by the birth of Compaq in 1983, which copied the Osborne carefully while adding one killer feature: IBM compatibility.

I didn’t realize the Compaq got its start creating compact computers.

The origin of the laptop:

Epson’s HX-20 , introduced in 1982, was the first computer described as a “laptop.” These were tiny machines designed to be propped in your lap instead of used on a desk. The HX-20 tipped the scales at barely 3 pounds, and it included a built-in tape drive and a tiny printer. Best of all, unlike its bigger forebears, this machine could run on batteries: The HX-20 had an impressive 50 hours of life on its rechargeable nickel-cadmium cells.

The success of products like the HX-20 and the TRS-80 Model 100, which followed in 1983, was phenomenal. Epson sold a quarter million HX-20s, and the laptop moniker stuck in many circles, even after the industry had long since abandoned this limited form factor.

How can you mention the TRS-80 without referencing its infamous nickname — the Trash-80?

Anyway, there’s lot of history in there. Read the whole article.

jacksonpublick: Team Venture is Go.

Saturday, March 26th, 2005

Venture Bros. fans will be happy to know that Team Venture is Go. According to Jackson Publick:

I have just returned home from the Adult Swim ‘Upfronts’ (and the ensuing bar crawls and requisite, hangover-preventing pizza parlor visit) and so it is official…The Venture Bros. has been picked up for another season of 13 episodes!

One final victim of the Rape of Nanking?

Saturday, March 26th, 2005

The headline, One final victim of the Rape of Nanking?, refers to Iris Chang, the young historian who killed herself after earning fame writing about the atrocities. And they were atrocities:

The Rape of Nanking in 1937 began with the march of invading Japanese soldiers up the Yangtse River. They occupied the Chinese capital of the time and soon conquest was followed by bloodlust. Soldiers slaughtered between 100,000 and 300,000 civilians sheltering in a few city blocks. Slowly.

Over a six-week period, up to 80,000 women were raped. But it wasn?t so much the sheer numbers as the details that shock — fathers forced at gunpoint to rape daughters, stakes driven through vaginas, women nailed to trees, tied-up prisoners used for bayonet practice, breasts sliced off the living, speed decapitation contests.

Donald Pittenger on Illustration

Saturday, March 26th, 2005

In Donald Pittenger on Illustration, he cites some “official” support for his belief that illustration and fine art aren’t all that different:

Although I have held these views for many years, I was pleased to have them corroborated by Burton Silverman in biographical notes to the exhibition catalog Sight and Insight: the Art of Burton Silverman (New York: Madison Square Press, 1998). On page 38 he recalls from childhood that “It also seems quite interesting to me now that, as a nine-year-old, I could not very well distinguish qualitative differences between Edward Burne-Jones’s and N.C. Wyeth’s pictures. Howard Pyle’s richly graphic drawings of King Arthur’s Knights seemed not far from an Albrecht Durer or Peter Breughel drawing. All of them presented an astounding ability to re-create the world with astonishing veracity, and so I did not discriminate between fine art and illustration”.

Let Them Get Roommates

Saturday, March 26th, 2005

In Let Them Get Roommates, Bryan Caplan makes a Non-Bleeding Heart Libertarian argument:

A fun fact about the U.S. versus Europe is that [the] poorest 25% of Americans have more living space than the average European. But some Americans have been left behind. Our most deprived citizens often sleep three to a room, eat prison-grade food, and share bathroom facilities with dozens of unhygenic strangers. They are known as… college students.
[...]
Why aren’t (relatively) poor Americans expected to live like college students?

OpinionJournal – Europe vs. America

Saturday, March 26th, 2005

Europe vs. America sarcastically points out that Germany is edging out Arkansas in per capita GDP and follows up with some equality stats too:

Well, the percentage of Americans living below the poverty line has dropped to 12% from 22% since 1959. In 1999, 25% of American households were considered ‘low income,’ meaning they had an annual income of less than $25,000. If Sweden — the very model of a modern welfare state — were judged by the same standard, about 40% of its households would be considered low-income.

In other words poverty is relative, and in the U.S. a large 45.9% of the ‘poor’ own their homes, 72.8% have a car and almost 77% have air conditioning, which remains a luxury in most of Western Europe. The average living space for poor American households is 1,200 square feet. In Europe, the average space for all households, not just the poor, is 1,000 square feet.

Lawrence Summers as Martin Luther

Friday, March 25th, 2005

In Lawrence Summers as Martin Luther, Arnold Kling compares modern academia to the Catholic Church prior to Reformation:

When the Harvard Faculty conducted its Diet of Worms and voted “no confidence” in its President, Lawrence Summers, perhaps this was equivalent to excommunicating Martin Luther.

The Catholic Church in 1500 was a debased, corrupt monopoly. It collected onerous taxes, which people paid because they believed that there was no alternative if they wanted a decent afterlife. However, inwardly people seethed at the amount that the clergy extracted and the debauched uses to which the funds were put.

Colleges and universities are in a similar position today. They may not use “a thousand cunning devices,” but they certainly extract onerous tuitions, taxpayer support, and alumni contributions. Parents pay because they fear that to do otherwise would condemn their children to a hell of low-status occupations and spouses.

New Holocaust Book, New Theory

Friday, March 25th, 2005

I’m not sure why this is considered a radical new theory. From New Holocaust Book, New Theory:

A well-respected German historian has a radical new theory to explain a nagging question: Why did average Germans so heartily support the Nazis and Third Reich? Hitler, says Goetz Aly, was a “feel good dictator,” a leader who not only made Germans feel important, but also made sure they were well cared-for by the state.

To do so, he gave them huge tax breaks and introduced social benefits that even today anchor the society. He also ensured that even in the last days of the war not a single German went hungry. Despite near-constant warfare, never once during his 12 years in power did Hitler raise taxes for working class people. He also — in great contrast to World War I — particularly pampered soldiers and their families, offering them more than double the salaries and benefits that American and British families received. As such, most Germans saw Nazism as a “warm-hearted” protector, says Aly, author of the new book “Hitler’s People’s State: Robbery, Racial War and National Socialism” and currently a guest lecturer at the University of Frankfurt. They were only too happy to overlook the Third Reich’s unsavory, murderous side.

Financing such home front “happiness” was not simple and Hitler essentially achieved it by robbing and murdering others, Aly claims. Jews. Slave laborers. Conquered lands. All offered tremendous opportunities for plunder, and the Nazis exploited it fully, he says.

Once the robberies had begun, a sort of “snowball effect” ensued and in order to stay afloat, he says Germany had to conquer and pilfer from more territory and victims. “That’s why Hitler couldn’t stop and glory comfortably in his role as victor after France’s 1940 surrender.” Peace would have meant the end of his predatory practices and would have spelled “certain bankruptcy for the Reich.”

Instead, Hitler continued on the easy path of self deception, spurring the war greedily forward. And the German people — fat with bounty — kept quiet about where all the wealth originated, he says. Was it a deplorable weakness of human nature or insatiable German avarice? It’s hard to say, but imagine if today’s beleaguered government of German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder could offer jobs and higher benefits to the masses. “No one would ask where the money came from and they would directly win the next election,” Aly says.

Likewise, in the 1940s, soldiers on the front were instructed to ravage conquered lands for raw materials, industrial goods and food for Germans. Aly cites secret Nazi files showing that from 1941-1943 Germans robbed enough food and supplies from the Soviet Union to care for 21 million people. Meanwhile, he insists, Soviet war prisoners were systematically starved. German soldiers were also encouraged to send care packages home to their families to boost the morale of their wives and children. In the first three months of 1943, German soldiers on the Leningrad front sent more than 3 million packages stuffed with artifacts, art, valuables and food home, Aly says.

“About 95 percent of the German population benefited financially from the National Socialist system. The Nazis’ unprecedented killing machine maintained its momentum by robbing from others. … Millions of people were killed — the Jews were gassed, 2 million Soviet war prisoners were starved to death … so that the German people could maintain their good mood.”

Fast Talk: Screen Gems

Friday, March 25th, 2005

Screen Gems shares some tidbits about the film industry, including this bit from Celine Rattray, co-CEO of Plum Pictures, a small production company:

After graduating from Oxford, I worked for McKinsey doing strategic projects for media and entertainment companies and later, for HBO. I’ve always wanted to work in film, but I never had the experience. So a year and a half ago, I persuaded two friends to help me found our production company, Plum Pictures. We each bring different skills to the partnership. One is good with the creative process, the other is good with production. My strength is the business perspective.

You have so little leverage when you’re a small company. No one likes to work for low pay, so the challenge is to motivate people. On a small-budget film, you offer typecasted actors different roles. You offer crew members a position above what they’re used to doing — the makeup assistant might be the lead makeup artist. And we compensate writers by including them more in the production. We paid nothing for one script; a studio might have paid $10,000. The writer is helping choose a director and cast. It’s an exchange.

This bit from Michael London, producer of Sideways, doesn’t surprise me at all:

There were many battles over the casting of Sideways. All three of the leads — Paul Giamatti, Thomas Haden Church, and Virginia Madsen — were seen as wildly unlikely choices, but our director felt these were the right actors for the roles. I’m the one who had to deliver the bad news to agents, financiers, and studio executives who kept pushing me to change his mind.

Hybrid Locomotive Gains Traction

Friday, March 25th, 2005

From Hybrid Locomotive Gains Traction:

Hybrid cars, trucks and buses have already hit the road. Now, make way for the Green Goat, the world’s biggest hybrid. It’s a 2,000-horsepower locomotive that radically reduces fuel consumption and emissions of pollutants.

The Green Goat is a diesel-electric hybrid in which the normal massive diesel locomotive engine is replaced by a 290-horsepower inline 6-cylinder diesel truck engine and a 600-volt battery bank. The batteries supply the power needed to drive the electric traction motors on the wheels of this 280,000-pound “goat.”

Goat is railroad lingo for the smaller locomotives used for moving rail cars around over short distances.

RailPower Technologies, developer of the Green Goat, believes the hybrid locomotive is an ideal way to reduce fuel costs and air pollution in switching yards, said Simon Clarke, executive vice president of the Canadian company. RailPower says the Green Goat uses 40 percent to 60 percent less fuel and emits 80 percent to 90 percent fewer pollutants than conventional train engines.

To build the hybrids, the company strips older locomotives of their engine and cab but keeps the same frame, fuel tank, brakes and electric traction motors. Then it slaps in the long-life lead-acid battery bank. RailPower Technologies says the added weight of the batteries actually helps improve the Green Goat’s pulling power, which is rated at 2,000 horsepower — enough to pull 88 rail cars.

The hybrid is mostly an electric locomotive; the diesel engine only operates to keep the batteries at their optimum level of charge.

A day in the life of a typical railroad goat involves pushing heavy loads short distances at low speeds, making frequent stops and sitting in idle mode 70 percent of the time waiting for someone to sort out which rail car goes next. With 10,000 to 15,000 switch locomotives currently active in North America, millions of gallons of fuel are wasted, literally going up in toxic smoke, Clarke said. Burning diesel produces nitrogen oxides, or NOx, a major contributor to air pollution.

I find this odd:

Although the newer generation of diesel locomotives is more fuel-efficient than its predecessors, the Green Goat tops them and costs just $750,000, compared with $1 million to $1.5 million for the diesels.

The hybrid is more fuel-efficient and costs less? Why didn’t anyone give hybrid technology a try much, much earlier then?

Hospitals Aim to Curb Injuries From Falling; Risk for Young Patients

Wednesday, March 23rd, 2005

From Hospitals Aim to Curb Injuries From Falling; Risk for Young Patients:

Hospitals are taking a series of steps to prevent one of the most surprising and dangerous hazards facing patients: falls that can lead to severe injury or even death.

There are more than one million falls among hospital patients annually, researchers estimate, with 30% or more resulting in moderate to severe injuries such as hip fractures and head injuries that can be life-threatening. And while falls have long been considered a problem primarily for elderly patients in nursing homes, recent studies show that virtually every hospitalized patient is at risk, including younger, healthier people.
[...]
Patients left in certain positions for surgery have fallen off tables onto their heads, resulting in brain injury, she adds, and patients may also try to get up and walk after surgery before they are steady on their feet.

Drugs such as hypnotics, sedatives, analgesics, anti-hypertensives, laxatives and diuretics increase the risk of falling; if patients are on several drugs at once, the risk of falling is even more severe. Patients are also at higher risk if they try to move when attached to equipment such as IV tubes, or if they suffer from “postural hypotension,” a sudden drop in blood pressure when they rise quickly to a standing position. Otherwise healthy patients may also be at risk for falling for short periods of time, such as right after returning to the hospital bed from physical therapy.

Iraqi Commandos Take Rebel Base, Kill 84 Militants

Wednesday, March 23rd, 2005

Some aspects of Iraqification seem to be working. From Iraqi Commandos Take Rebel Base, Kill 84 Militants:

“Special forces in the Interior Ministry attacked a training center … and had a fierce battle with the terrorists, killing 84 of them,” Sabah Kadhim, a spokesman at the Interior Ministry told Reuters.

“Among the dead are Arab and foreign fighters, including Sudanese, Algerians and Moroccans, as well as other nationalities.

Baghdad Shopkeepers Kill Three Militants

Wednesday, March 23rd, 2005

A feel-good story coming out of Iraq? Baghdad Shopkeepers Kill Three Militants:

Shopkeepers and residents on one of Baghdad’s main streets pulled out their own guns Tuesday and killed three insurgents when hooded men began shooting at passers-by, giving a rare victory to civilians increasingly frustrated by the violence bleeding Iraq.

The Election Past, President’s Message Gets a New Accent

Tuesday, March 22nd, 2005

It looks like the president’s communication coaches are doing their work. From The Election Past, President’s Message Gets a New Accent:

At a late-afternoon Paris news conference in May 2002, a jet-lagged President Bush rushed through sentences, mangled some words and teased an American journalist for asking President Jacques Chirac a question in French. Asked about street demonstrations protesting his presence, Mr. Bush drawled: “The only thing I know to do is speak my mind…. A lotta people on the Continent o’ Europe appreciate that.”

Last month, addressing European leaders in Brussels, Mr. Bush spoke precisely, with only traces of his twang. He paid homage to the Continent’s political legacy, such as the Magna Carta, and flawlessly pronounced the name of Albert Camus.

Linguists and longtime watchers of Mr. Bush say it is evidence of a subtle but unmistakable change the 43rd president has undergone in speaking style. He is enunciating more clearly and dotting his remarks with more literary references. Gone is much of the verbal swagger, which produced such memorable first-term phrases as “bring ‘em on” (said of Iraqi insurgents) and “dead or alive” (said of catching Osama bin Laden). Some linguists even say they detect a dialing-down of Mr. Bush’s Texas accent, at least in his formal speeches.

The more careful speaking style also has meant fewer verbal slip-ups. Jacob Weisberg, who filled four books, numerous Web entries and a calendar series with Bush malapropisms, says his supply of new material has slowed to a trickle. “In a press conference in his first year I might get five” bloopers, says Mr. Weisberg, who is editor of Slate, the online magazine. “Now I’m pretty lucky if I get one or two.”

A Stun-Gun Maker Struggles To Shake Off Safety Concerns

Tuesday, March 22nd, 2005

I did not know this bit of trivia from A Stun-Gun Maker Struggles To Shake Off Safety Concerns:

The Taser was invented in the late 1960s by Jack Cover, an advocate of alternatives to handguns. The name is an acronym for the Thomas A. Swift Electric Rifle, in honor of a series of science-fiction books about a teenage inventor.

I thought I’d cleverly make up a book title like Tom Swift and His Electric Rifle — but it’s a real book!